Popkin, Richard H. (Richard Henry) 1923-2005 creator Stroll, Avrum 1921-2013 text bibliography Introductions. Einf�uhrung. nyu New York Doubleday 1993 2nd rev. ed. monographic eng

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xv, 332 pages ; 26 cm Written with authority and scholarship, this lively and comprehensible text includes all the important recent developments in philosophy. What is philosophy? -- Ethics. The definition of "ethics" ; Ethics originates in everyday life ; Classification of ethical theories ; Classical theories ; Platonism ; Aristotle : the doctrine of the mean ; Hedonism : the philosophy of Epicurus ; Cynicism ; Stoicism ; Christian ethics ; The philosophy of Spinoza ; Utilitarianism : Jeremy Bentham and John Stuart Mill ; Kantian ethics ; Modern ethics ; Definition of "modern ethics" ; Subjectivism and objectivism (moral realism) ; Naturalism, nonnaturalism, and emotivism ; Motivist, consequence, and deontological theories ; Analysis of subjectivism and objectivism ; Applied ethics -- Political philosophy. Definition of "political philosophy" ; Plato's political philosophy ; The political philosophy of Thomas Hobbes ; The political philosophy of John Locke ; The political philosophy of John Stuart Mill ; The political philosophy of Karl Marx ; Contemporary political theory -- Metaphysics. What is metaphysics? ; Pluralism and monism ; Scope of metaphysics ; The problem of permanence and change ; The mind-body problem ; The problem of free will and determinism ; Types of metaphysical systems ; Some criticisms of metaphysics -- Philosophy of religion. Philosophy and religion ; The problem of religious knowledge ; Natural and revealed religion ; Hume's argument ; The cosmological (or causal) argument ; The ontological argument ; Conclusions ; The problem of the nature of God -- The theory of knowledge. Ren�e Descartes : the problem posed ; The problem of knowledge : a closer look ; Ancient Greek philosophy ; Plato ; Socrates's theory of universal forms ; The philosopher-king ; Descartes's theory of knowledge ; The argument for objective reality ; Rationalist theories of knowledge ; Empirical philosophy ; John Locke ; Bishop George Berkeley ; David Hume ; Summary of the empirical theory of knowledge ; The empiricist critique of rationalism -- Logic. The definition of "logic" ; Deductive and inductive logic ; Deductive logic : the syllogism ; The terminology of logic ; Affirmative and negative propositions ; Universal, particular, and singular propositions ; The four standard propositions of logic ; The distribution of terms ; Middle, major, and minor terms ; Rules for determining validity and invalidity ; Translating ordinary into logical sentences ; Equivalent sentences ; Obversion ; Conversion ; Contraposition ; Fallacies ; Logic, semiotics, and semantics -- Contemporary philosophy. Pragmatism ; The pluralistic universe ; Instrumentalism ; Some criticisms of pragmatism ; Philosophical analysis ; Logical atomism : the philosophy of Bertrand Russell and the early Ludwig Wittgenstein ; Logical positivism : Schlick, Carnap, Ayer ; Ordinary language philosophy : Moore and the later Wittgenstein ; Existentialism and phenomenology ; S�ren Kierkegaard ; Contemporary existentialism ; Deconstructionism ; Rorty. Richard H. Popkin and Avrum Stroll. "A Made Simple book." Includes bibliographical references and index. Philosophy Introductions Philosophy Philosophie Einf�uhrung Philosophie Philosophie BD21 .P6 1993 100 CB 4900 0385425333 9780385425339 92034537 http://catdir.loc.gov/catdir/description/random046/92034537.html http://catdir.loc.gov/catdir/description/random046/92034537.html DLC 920930 20220304160017.0 ocm26850845 eng